Policy Making for Centralized and Decentralized R&D Structures in the Petroleum Industry Based on the Idea to Market Process
Subject Areas :1 * , homameddin tabatabaei 2 , Ahmad mousaei 3
1 -
2 -
3 -
Keywords: Research & Development, Various R&D Structures, Centralized and Decentralized R&D, Oil Industry, Idea to Market Process,
Abstract :
Nowadays, R&D is the one of the most important pillars of corporations. Oil industry is the Iran's largest industry an as a corporation no except of this rule. But various structures and different approaches exist for the position of R&D in corporations' structure. Three major structures have been used more in corporations for research and development, which are: • Centralized R&D structure • Decentralized R&D structure • Hybrid R&D structure In this paper first, the stages of idea to market process will be described. Then the types of R&D structures in corporations will define and then their position in the Iran's oil industry investigated. Next according to the stages of idea to market process, duties and nature of activities in centralized and decentralized R&D sections in hybrid R&D structures will discuss. Finally some policies and recommendation for the improving the R&D in the Iran's oil industry is presented
. باقرينژاد، جعفر، رويكرد سيستمي به كيفيت در آموزش عالي در چارچوب نظام نوآوري ملي، نشريه صنعت و دانشگاه، سال سوم شماره 7 و 8، صص 23 ـ 13، بهار و تابستان 1389.
2. كشاورز، محسن، رحيمي، محسن، سليمي مجيد، نقش مراكز تحقيق و توسعه در نظام نوآوري، نشريه صنعت و دانشگاه، سال سوم شماره 7 و 8، صص 45 ـ 35، بهار و تابستان 1389.
3. کييزا، ويتوريو، مترجم قاضي نوري، سپهر، مهديخاني، محبوبه، استراتژي و سازماندهي R and D، وزارت صنايع، مرکز صنايع نوين 1384.
4. هاوارد راش، مترجم طباطبایيان م، برنامهريزي استراتژيک مؤسسات تحقيق و تکنولوژي: رويکردي تطبيقي، مؤسسه آموزش و تحقيقاتي صنايع دفاعي 1379.
5. Bandarian, R. “Exploiting value chain process concepts in research organisations”, Int. J. Value Chain Management, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 400–416. 2008.
6. Bell, R. M. “Integrating R&D with industrial production and technical change: strengthening linkages and changing structures”', UNESCO Workshop on Integration of Science and Technology in Development Planning and Management Process, 1993.
7. Nath, P. , Visalakshi, S. “Strengthening Technological Capabilities in Developing Countries: Strategies and Issues”, Gyan Publishers, New Delhi, 1999.
8. Rush, H. , Hobday, M. , Bessant, J. , Arnold, E. “Strategies for best practice in research and technology institutes: an overview of a benchmarking exercise”, R&D Management, Vol. 25 No. 1, pp. 17 ـ 31, 1995.
9. Silverman, Brian S. and Argyres, Nicholas S. , “R&D, Organization Structure, and the Development of Corporate Technological Knowledge”. Strategic Management Journal Special Issue, 2004.
10. UNITED NATIONS, “Science, Technology and Innovation Policy Review The Islamic Republic of Iran”, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, New York and Geneva, 2005.
11. WAITRO, “Strengthening research and technology organizations’ capabilities”, WAITRO, Copenhagen, 1996.